But when zoomed in, the focusing distance is 0. Macro lenses can take photos of small things or photograph very fine details. A magnification means that the real-life image is the same size as it is on the sensor.
If the ratio is , then the lens makes the subject twice the size of the sensor. If the ratio is , the subject is half the size of the sensor.
You may have the option to change the ratio on your lens. Camera manufacturers often stamp other letters onto their lenses. These show special features of the lens.
The manufacturer will also tell you if this is a second version of the lens. Usually, this is expressed with the Roman numeral II. These lenses are usually an improved version of an older lens. There are all sorts of letters that lens manufacturers use. In general, lenses with special features will cost more. Be very careful to look at all letters when buying a lens.
Some letters identify different mounts within the same system. These do not mount on Canon cameras with mirrors. These letter combinations are unique to the manufacturer. Here are a few ways different lens makers abbreviate lens specifications.
Many lenses have buttons and dials that include numbers and letter abbreviations. On a zoom lens , you will have a ring that changes the focal length. This refers to the maximum size of the aperture possible with that particular lens. Prime lenses have one fixed maximum aperture. Zoom lenses can have a fixed maximum or they can have a range of maximum apertures. In general, the more you zoom the narrower the aperture on the lens.
Along with focal length and maximum aperture, you may find other numbers printed on your lens. Not all lens manufacturers have these numbers and letters printed, but it helps to be familiar with the other types of abbreviations you might find on a lens. Full Frame vs.
Crop Sensor — All major camera manufacturers sell different models of cameras based on the size of the sensor. When you fit your camera lenses to your camera body, you need to make sure that the lens you purchase is compatible with the lens size full frame vs. Thankfully, the manufacturers know this and each lens should be printed with a set of letters that match the same letters of your camera body to indicate compatibility.
Below are the abbreviations for full-frame vs. This refers to the diameter of the end of the lens and is helpful when purchasing filters for the camera. Lens diameter is measured in millimeters just like focal length. Be sure to have this number handy when you purchase filters online. Many filters are advertised based on the camera body, when in fact you should ensure they fit the diameter of your camera lens.
Lens Version — Some lenses will be printed with a number or letter system indicating which version of the lens you have. Typically when the new lens version becomes available, the older version will no longer be available from licensed camera retailers.
However, you may still be able to purchase the previous version on the used market or from an online retailer that tend to sell the older versions longer.
Image Stabilization. Another item you may find stamped on your lens is image stabilization technology. Each camera manufacturer handles image stabilization slightly differently. Others rely on the lens to provide stabilization. Unfortunately, the common camera manufacturers abbreviate and market their image stabilization differently. Below are the abbreviations for the common lens brands:.
True macro lenses have at least a magnification. Lenses created by the popular manufacturers that create at least life-size images on the camera sensor should have MACRO printed somewhere on the lens. These are all terms that camera manufacturers use to describe the type of focusing motor in the lens, called a silent wave motor. Sometimes these types of motors are also called hypersonic or ultrasonic.
As with image stabilization, every camera manufacturer advertises and markets their own type of silent wave motor. Below are the silent wave motor abbreviations for the common lens brands:. Now that you know how to determine the focal length range of a lens and the maximum aperture of your lens, you can understand the basic performance of almost any camera lens.
This designation can sometimes be misleading, as it is e. Although true macro lenses include it in their names, manufacturers of other lenses of all types also include it in their names at their leisure.
True macro lenses have or better , , etc. Speaking of Tamron, they—along with Pentax—like to boast of the special materials or individual lenses inside of a camera lens. Here again, only real-world tests can decide. However, other companies have plenty of lenses like this.
So Tamron is not at all special in having this function—just in using it in the lens name for marketing purposes. Manufacturers also try to differentiate the lenses that are in their opinion better than the rest of their production. There are still few minor details with an impact worth caring about, but these are only found on a couple of quite unusual lens types.
Nearly all Nikon lenses have the designation AF-S at the beginning, which indicates that the lens is able to focus automatically using its own motor. But this particular lens has just AF instead of AF-S, which means that although it can focus automatically, it can only do so with the help of a motor inside the camera body.
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Canon: EF vs. EF-S crop 1. The distance scale on the mm left is under a cover, and you can see that the lens is focused somewhere between 10 meters and infinity.
Note that, as you focus your lens, the distance scale will change to reflect your new point of focus. Every lens has a diameter, the distance across the center of the lens. So for the lens pictured above, the diameter is 77mm. These numbers are pretty rare on lenses designed for digital cameras, but you may come across them if you purchase older, manual focus glass.
Most newer lenses set and control the aperture through the camera. But back in the days of film, you would set the shutter speed on your camera and the aperture on the lens via an aperture ring.
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